Pew Research Center Covering 35 Countries Shows Perspectives on China’s Economic Influence

China’s economic impact is felt worldwide, according to a new survey by the Pew Research Center covering 35 countries. Majorities in almost all surveyed nations, spanning six continents and diverse income levels, report significant Chinese influence on their economies. This influence is perceived more widely now compared to 2019, with an increased percentage of people in 10 out of 13 countries noting greater Chinese economic impact over the past five years.

Perceptions of this influence vary significantly. In many middle-income countries, people generally view China’s economic role positively. Conversely, in high-income countries, the sentiment is predominantly negative.

In the 17 surveyed middle-income countries, a median of 47% believe China’s influence benefits their economy, while 29% view it negatively. In contrast, in 18 high-income countries, a median of 57% perceive China’s economic impact as negative, with only 28% holding a positive view.

Americans are notably critical, with about 75% considering China’s economic influence on the U.S. as negative. Countries like Argentina, Brazil, Israel, Japan, South Korea, and Tunisia have also seen a shift towards more negative perceptions since 2019.

Overall, China’s favorability reflects these economic sentiments: a median of 70% in high-income countries view China unfavorably, while 56% in middle-income countries have a favorable view. These insights come from a survey of 44,166 individuals conducted between January 5 and May 21, 2024. The survey also includes region-specific questions, particularly in the Asia-Pacific and selected middle-income countries.

Since launching the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013, China has invested close to $3 trillion globally. However, Chinese overseas investments have sparked controversies regarding environmental impact, worker treatment, and whether they benefit local economies or create harmful competition. Despite this, many in middle-income countries have a favorable view of Chinese companies operating locally. Across nine surveyed nations, a median of 72% believe these companies positively impact their economies, with the highest approval in Thailand (81%), Kenya (80%), and Bangladesh (79%).

Environmental concerns receive a more moderate response, with a median of 63% acknowledging Chinese companies’ efforts to protect the environment. Yet, in Ghana and South Africa, many disagree. Opinions are even more divided on the fair treatment of local workers by Chinese firms, with significant skepticism in Ghana, Nigeria, the Philippines, and South Africa.

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